learning seo offpage optimization

In this chapter we will discuss more details off page SEO.
Normal function of the following depending on Off page SEO.
1. social bookmarking
2. article writing
3. forum posting
4. blog comment
5. social networking
6. directory submission
7. Guest posting
8. Rss submission etc

Who has been the face of back link Off page optimization.

Social bookmark: back link inside of the most effective SEO for social bookmarking. The first account of social bookmark bookmarking site will take off. Then log in to be able to confirm, then the need to bookmark. 

But there's no need to write code.  

For example: <"a href= the website's address"> keyword </a>